Profundidade em que se encontra a superfície superior do lençol freático. Em linhas gerais, o nível freático acompanha, aproximadamente, a topografia do terreno.
Quando se cava um poço ou se faz uma escavação, o nível freático é o local até onde se encontra a água. Em ambientes litorâneos, o nível freático é bem raso, podendo estar a poucos centímetros, como numa praia, onde este nível pode ser atingido facilmente. A se confirmar o aumento do nível do mar atravès do aquecimento global, o nível freático das regiões litorâneas também sofrerá aumento, provocando o surgimento de grandes áreas cobertas com água ou com água a poucos centímetros de profundidade, que serão transformadas em brejos, pântanos e manguesais.
Em obras de engenharia em locais onde o nivel freático é raso, é necessário bombear a água para poderem continuar a escavação abaixo do nível freático. Esta técnica é conhecida como rebaixamento do lençol freático, e é realizada pelo contínuo bombeamento da água. Com a parada do bombeamento á água recupera seu nível estático natural. O nível em que água alcança enquanto está sendo bombeada é chamado de nível dinâmico ou ND.
Em áreas onde o nível freático está acima da superfície do terreno, formam-se acumulações de água: lago, lagoa, pântano, brejo.
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